Anti-Defamation League (ADL) Online Hate & Harassment

“Online Hate and Harassment: The American Experience 2024”

“All respondents were based in the United States, and the survey was conducted in English.”

“Online Hate and Harassment: The American Experience 2024”

“YouGov also conducted the youth survey of 532 13 - to 17-year olds on behalf of ADL. Surveys were conducted from January 25 — February 5, 2024.”

Teen sample fieldwork: Jan 25 – Feb 5, 2024 (the adult survey ran Jan 19 – Feb 5, 2024).

“YouGov also conducted the youth survey of 532 13 - to 17-year olds on behalf of ADL.”

Teen sample n=532; adult sample n=2,479 is reported separately in the same methodology section.

“YouGov also conducted the youth survey of 532 13 - to 17-year olds on behalf of ADL.”

“YouGov surveys are taken independently online by a prescreened set of panelists representing many demographic categories. Panelists are weighted for statistical relevance to national demographics.”

Non-probability online panel (YouGov), weighted on age, gender identity, census region and race for the teen sample.

“been called offensive names”“had someone try to embarrass them purposefully”“been physically threatened”“been harassed for a sustained period”“been doxed (that is, had someone release private information about them without permission)”“been swatted (that is, had an emergency service dispatched to their house as a hoax)”

The report describes these experiences on social media and asks about both lifetime and past-year harassment. These are quotations from the report’s description; the archived report does not provide the administered questionnaire. Per-app figures combine all harassment types.

“been stalked”“been sexually harassed”

These are quotations from the report’s description of harassment on social media. Stalking and sexual harassment are measured individually, but their results are not reported separately by app.

“Online information or harassment sometimes leads to offline harassment.”

The report covers offline harassment linked to online information and offline harassment following online harassment. The former uses the full teen sample (n=532); the latter uses teens who reported online harassment (n=264).

Chart 4 lists 11 apps: Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, TikTok, YouTube, X/Twitter, Snapchat, Telegram, Discord, Twitch and Reddit. The 2024 results describe where harassment occurred among 264 teens who reported online harassment; they are not rates among all users of each app.

Chart 4 reports 11 apps for 2024, based on 264 teens who reported online harassment. The results combine harassment types; they do not give separate app-level estimates for stalking or sexual harassment.